1. Having oral sex with multiple people significantly increases the risk of head and throat cancer
Cancer can be deadly and dangerous. When a person is diagnosed with cancer, it is not easy for him to digest it and this thing is difficult to understand to a great extent. Along with this comes many other things as well. There are many factors that promote cancer. According to research published in the journal Annals of Oncology, people who smoke and have oral sex with five or more partners have a higher risk of developing cancer, which increases due to exposure to the human papilloma virus. Only 0.7 percent of men suffer from oropharyngeal cancer (cancer of the middle of the throat) in their lifetime. This risk is significantly lower in people who do not smoke, in women and in those who have oral sex with fewer than five partners.
2. Human papilloma virus (HPV) and cancer
The back of the nose is a special part of the throat from where oropharyngeal cancer begins. Symptoms found in people include swelling or lumps without pain in the throat. This is followed by symptoms such as sore throat or tongue, ear pain, trouble swallowing, voice changes, bad breath or sudden weight loss. Although there are more than 100 types of HPV (Human Papilloma Virus), the danger is especially in three types of HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) - HPV (Human Papillomavirus) 16 or 18 which causes cervical cancer and HPV 16 which causes cervical cancer. Increases oropharyngeal cancer.
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Researchers have found that the lowest incidence of oral infections with cancer-prone HPV (human papillomavirus) occurs in women who have had no or no oral sex partners. Of these women, 1.8% were smokers and 0.5% were non-smokers. The risk of infection increased by 1.5 percent in women who had two or more oral sex partners. For men, the risk was lowest among men who had one or no oral sex partners. The number of men affected by oral HPV (human papilloma virus) infection was 1.5 percent. Oral sex with two or four people and the rate of infection among non-smokers increased to 4 percent in men, compared to 7.1 percent for smokers.
Smokers who had five or more oral sex partners had a 7.4 percent HPV infection rate. The highest rate of infection was found in 15 percent of men who had five or more oral sex partners and also smoked. The increased risk of infection due to these two behaviors helped identify people who are at high risk of developing head and throat cancer. It can be used to test people who are at high risk.
Screening for oral HPV (human papilloma virus) infection alone is not the answer, as cancer is still very rare. Existing tests can identify a person who is infected with oral HPV, but it cannot predict the risk of cancer in the future. HPV (Human papillomavirus) vaccine can be taken to avoid HPV infection. Taking the vaccine early in life may help protect against cervical cancer and anal cancer. Apart from this, head and throat cancer can also be prevented. It can be expected that as soon as children get the vaccine, the cancer caused by HPV will also be reduced significantly.
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3. How does cancer happen?
Cancer is a broad term that encompasses various diseases associated with it. Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that gradually spreads to the surrounding cells. Cancer can reach any part of the body. Since the uncontrolled growth of some cells of the body affects other cells, the body is unable to function normally.
Normally human cells grow and divide to make new cells as needed by the body. Over time old or damaged cells die and new cells take the place of the dead cells. Cancer hinders this process. As cells begin to grow uncontrollably, new cells form alongside existing old or damaged cells. Old or damaged cells last longer than their time, and new cells are made even when they are no longer needed. After this, these extra cells divide again and this can lead to a tumor. Most cancers are in tumours, but it is not necessary that all tumors are cancerous. There are two types of tumours - harmless and malignant. Non-cancerous tumors are basically cancer affected and they neither spread to other parts of the body nor new tumors are formed. Malignant tumors spread throughout the body and affect the regular functioning of the body. Such tumors can be fatal. Since cancer is a group of very serious diseases but it can have many possible causes. These can be due to lifestyle habits, genetics, carcinogens and environmental factors. Sometimes doctors are not able to diagnose a specific cause in some cases. The risk factors behind cancer can be many and some of them are preventable. Some such reasons are: smoking, heavy drinking, excessive body weight or poor nutrition etc.
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4. These are the common symptoms of cancer
There are many types of cancer. Cancer is not a single disease. Cancer can occur in the lungs, brain, breast, colon, kidney, intestines, skin or blood. Cancers are similar in some ways, but the ways in which they grow and spread can be different. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer found in women and prostate cancer in men. Lung cancer and colorectal cancer are the most common cancers in both men and women.
5. Each type of cancer has some common symptoms. Some symptoms are as follows:
- sudden weight loss
- fatigue for no reason
- Persistent pain in any part of the body or in the whole body and pain does not go away even after taking medicines
- sudden blood in stool or urine or phlegm
- blisters that do not heal easily
- sudden change in appetite
- Recurrent fever without any valid or common cause
- cough that recurs even after taking medicines or after a few days
- frequent chest infections
- abnormal change in voice
- abnormal skin changes
Sudden unusual changes in breast size, including changes in breast size, abnormal discharge from the nipples, some markings around the nipples, or a heavier feeling than usual.
When it is a case of cancer, death can happen. Every year millions of people die due to cancer all over the world. But with the advancement in medical science and medical technology, the survival rate of many types of cancer is increasing nowadays. Most types of cancer are curable if detected in the early stages. But till now even the best doctors in the world cannot claim to cure cancer with full confidence because till now doctors do not know everything about cancer. Some cancer cells can remain in any part of the body and can grow without any symptoms until it has spread throughout the body.
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6. These are the available cancer treatments
Regular health check-ups are the best way to detect cancer early. There are many medical tests in which cancer can be detected such as biopsy, blood test, bone-marrow test, PET scan, MRI, CT scan etc. Currently, there are other ways cancer can be controlled or in other words life expectancy can be increased these days, but these treatments can also have some opposite effects. The treatment of cancer depends on its type and its stage. Some such treatments are as follows:
- Surgery: Surgery means that the cancerous tumor present in a particular part of the body is removed. But when the tumor has spread to other parts of the body, surgery is of no use.
- Radiation therapy: In this procedure, doctors use X-rays to kill cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: In this procedure, certain chemicals are used that help kill cancer cells.
- Hormone therapy: This treatment is used in prostate and breast cancer. Hormone therapy consists of certain drugs that change the way hormones work.
- Immunotherapy: In this procedure, certain drugs and other treatments are used to improve immunity. Our body's immunity is better and we can combat cancer cells.
- Targeted therapy: This therapy stops the cancer affected cells from growing. This process also increases the immunity of the body.
Cancer is a group of very complex diseases that can come back at any time unless the treatment is complete. In the case of cancer, special attention is needed even after treatment. Balanced diet, regular physical exercise are the two most important things which need to be strictly followed. Smoking is the biggest risk among cancer risks in the US. Apart from this, drinking alcohol also increases the risk. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is important but staying stress free is also an aspect that should be taken care of. Even after cancer treatment has officially ended, a person should have regular health check-ups so that appropriate steps can be taken if problems arise again.
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