What is Mitral valve prolapse?
Mitral valve prolapse occurs when your mitral valve does not function properly. When your heart doesn't pump enough blood out of the left ventricular chamber to supply your body with oxygen-laden blood. You may develop symptoms such as fatigue and shortness of breath. Mitral (MY-trul) valve prolapse sometimes causes blood to back up into the upper chamber (left atrium), a condition called mitral valve regurgitation.
Although in most people, mitral valve prolapse is not life-threatening. You need lifestyle changes and the right treatment for it to heal. This can cause blood to flow backward into the left atrium. So mitral valve disease can lead to serious arrhythmias, such as heart failure or irregular heartbeat, and many complications.
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Symptoms
What are the symptoms of Mitral valve prolapse?
Although mitral valve prolapse is considered a lifelong disorder, some people with this condition do not show any symptoms. But during the problem, you go to the doctor for diagnosis, at that time you are shocked to find out the disease that you have a problem related to the heart. If some people are understanding its symptoms, then it should be something like this because blood leaks backward through the valve.
Symptoms of mitral valve prolapse may not be the same for all people but may be different. Usually the symptoms of mitral valve prolapse are mild and develop slowly. Mitral valve prolapse is very common, affecting about three to five percent of the population. It affects women more than men. Its symptoms can be as follows.
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- dizziness or lightheadedness
- fatigue
- irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
- difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
- frequent discomfort during physical activity
see a doctor
When to see a doctor?
If you think you have symptoms of mitral valve prolapse, contact your doctor. A variety of other conditions cause similar symptoms to mitral valve prolapse, so only your doctor can tell you the exact cause of those symptoms.
If you're having chest pain and you're unsure it could be a heart attack , seek emergency medical attention right away. If you've already been diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse, tell your doctor about some of the- Keep showing up sometime.
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diagnosis
What is the diagnosis of Mitral valve prolapse?
Mitral valve prolapse is usually diagnosed by a routine physical examination. Abnormal movement of the mitral valve can create a distinctive sound, called a "click." Which is called the click-murm sound. The doctor listens to its sound.
Diagnosing mitral valve prolapse requires an echocardiogram , called an ultrasound of the heart. The doctor may look for abnormal features with the help of a video. Mitral regurgitation, if present, will also be seen with an echocardiogram. Other tests used to diagnose valve disease may include these.
- Echocardiography _ _ _
- Transesophageal echocardiography
- Radionuclide scans
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
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treatment
What is the treatment for Mitral valve prolapse?
If you have mitral valve regurgitation but you haven't had symptoms, your doctor may refer you to treatment based on the tests you've got to see, depending on the severity of your condition. But if you have symptoms and blood is leaking through the mitral valve, the doctor may recommend medications or surgery. Mitral valve prolapse can be treated in these ways which are as follows.
Medicines
Medications can treat mitral valve prolapse-related heart beat abnormalities and a variety of other complications. Some of the medicines prescribed in this include-
Beta blockers – These drugs help slow your heartbeat and prevent irregular heartbeats, which lowers your blood pressure. Beta blockers help to relax the blood vessels and improve blood flow.
Water pills (diuretics) - Your doctor may prescribe diuretics to remove fluid from your lungs.
Heart rhythm medications- If you have an arrhythmia, your doctor may prescribe a medication to treat it, such as propafenone (Rythmol SR), sotalol (Betapace, Psorine, Sotylyse), flecainide and amiodarone (Pacerone). These drugs help control your heart beat by normalizing your heart tissue.
Aspirin – If you have a history of previous mitral valve prolapse and stroke, your doctor may prescribe aspirin to reduce the risk of blood clots.
Blood thinners – If you have atrial fibrillation, a history of heart attacks, your doctor may suggest a blood thinner to protect you from blood clots.
They include warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), heparin, dabigatran (Pradaxa), rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis) and edoxaban (Savesa). Blood thinners can have a variety of risks and side effects.
Heart surgery
In about 10 to 15 percent of people with MVP, further treatment is needed. In this case, valve surgery will be performed to repair the mitral valve.
Stress testing
Your doctor may do a stress test to see if mitral valve resorption limits your ability to exercise. In a stress test, you exercise or take certain medications to elevate your heart rate and make your heart work harder.
risk
What are the risks of Mitral valve prolapse?
The risks of mitral valve prolapse are of many types, Mitral valve prolapse can happen to any person at any age.
Severe symptoms of mitral valve prolapse occur more often in men and women over the age of 50. Mitral valve prolapse can run in families and can be associated with a number of other conditions, such as:
- Marfan syndrome
- Ebstein anomaly
- Muscular dystrophy
- Scoliosis
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Graves' disease
Complications
What are the complications of Mitral valve prolapse?
Most people with mitral valve prolapse never have problems, but complications can occur. which is like this.
Mitral valve regurgitation – In this condition the valve leaks blood back into the left atrium, increasing your risk of mitral valve regurgitation if you are male or have high blood pressure . If the regurgitation is severe, you may need surgery to replace the valve to prevent heart failure.
Heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias) - Irregular heart beats most commonly occur in the upper chambers of the heart. They can be bothersome, but are usually not life-threatening.
Causes of severe mitral valve regurgitation People with heart failure are most at risk of developing heart failure, which can affect blood flow through the heart.
Heart valve infection (endocarditis)- You have a thin membrane inside your heart called the endocardium. Endocarditis is an infection of this inner lining.
An abnormal mitral valve increases your chances of getting endocarditis from bacteria , which can further damage the mitral valve.
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